MENU

Yatagarasu: The Three-Legged Crow Behind Japan’s National Soccer Crest

Yatagarasu: The Three-Legged Crow Behind Japan’s National Soccer Crest
Yatagarasu: The Three-Legged Crow Behind Japan’s National Soccer Crest
目次

English Version

If you have ever looked closely at the emblem of Japan’s national soccer team, you may have noticed a strange black bird at its center. Many people remember the design only vaguely, but that bird is Yatagarasu, the three-legged crow of Japanese myth.

Yatagarasu is not a creature most people talk about in daily life, and it is sometimes mistaken for a yokai. In the older tradition, however, it is a sacred crow from Japanese mythology.

A Three-Legged Guide from Myth

Unlike an ordinary crow, Yatagarasu is famous for having three legs. In the Nihon Shoki, one of Japan’s oldest historical-mythological chronicles, the bird appears as a guide who leads Emperor Jimmu to Kashihara in Nara. Emperor Jimmu is traditionally described as Japan’s first emperor, though modern historians generally treat him as a legendary or semi-legendary figure rather than a clearly verifiable historical person.

Because of this story, Yatagarasu became known as a divine guide. It is also associated with the sun, and in some accounts it serves as a messenger of Amaterasu Omikami, the sun goddess and one of the central deities of Shinto.

There are several explanations for the crow’s three legs. Some traditions say they represent heaven, earth, and humanity. Others connect the number three with the sun itself. These interpretations vary, but they all add to the image of Yatagarasu as something more than an ordinary bird.

Similar Crows Beyond Japan

Yatagarasu also has interesting parallels in Chinese mythology. In Chinese legends, there is a three-legged crow often said to live in the sun and symbolize it. This creature appears in old texts such as the Huainanzi, and surviving murals and images show a strong resemblance to Japan’s Yatagarasu.

Similar beings are also said to appear in traditions from Korea and even Egypt, so some researchers and folklore fans see the three-legged solar bird as a motif that spread widely, especially around Asia.

Why Yatagarasu Appears in Japanese Soccer

As mentioned above, Yatagarasu is used as the symbol of the Japan Football Association and appears on the national team’s emblem. The design feels both dignified and approachable, which may be one reason it has become so familiar.

One commonly told explanation is that the Japan Football Association adopted Yatagarasu because of its role as a guide. Another tradition connects it to Emperor Tenmu, who is said to have traveled to Kumano and played kemari, an ancient Japanese ball game. In this interpretation, Yatagarasu symbolizes guidance toward the goal.

For that reason, the three-legged black crow has become a symbol not only of the national team but of Japanese soccer as a whole.

Yatagarasu is not limited to sports, either. It has also been used in the emblems of groups such as the Japan Ground Self-Defense Force’s Central Intelligence Unit and Middle Army Intelligence Unit, showing how widely the image has been adopted.

The Rumored Organization Called Yatagarasu

Separate from the mythological crow, there are also rumors and claims about an organization called Yatagarasu. Some writers and novelists have described it as a hidden group said to have operated behind the scenes in Shinto, onmyodo, and imperial court rituals. According to these claims, it was formed in the year 744.

These stories should be treated cautiously. They are not the same as established history, and much of the discussion belongs to the world of rumor, occult writing, and conspiracy theory.

That said, the organization is usually described not as a force trying to overthrow Japan, but as a group that handled private or everyday matters related to the emperor. Some accounts also claim that Yatagarasu had three leaders known as the Great Birds, leading to speculation that they functioned like hidden emperors or shadow rulers. Again, this is a rumor-based interpretation rather than confirmed fact.

Yatagarasu Shrine in Nara

In Uda City, Nara Prefecture, there is a shrine called Yatagarasu Shrine. It is said to have been founded in 705 and is considered the first shrine in Japan to enshrine Yatagarasu as a deity.

Yatagarasu has also been revered as a god of war, and the shrine is said to have flourished during periods such as the Northern and Southern Courts era. Over time, however, devotion to the shrine seems to have faded, and today it is not as lively or well known as many major tourist shrines.

If you visit, treat it as an active sacred site: follow posted rules, avoid restricted areas, and be respectful of local residents and worshippers.

A Myth Still Hidden in Plain Sight

Because Yatagarasu appears on the Japan Football Association emblem, this ancient crow remains surprisingly close to everyday life in modern Japan. It is a mythological guide, a solar symbol, a sports icon, and, for some, a figure wrapped in occult speculation.

Yatagarasu also appears in classic works such as the Nihon Shoki and the Kojiki, so anyone interested in Japanese mythology may want to look for modern English or contemporary-language editions to explore the legend further.


Japanese Language

今この記事を読んでいる方でサッカー日本代表のシンボルマークをご存知の方はいらっしゃいますでしょうか?。完璧にではなくなんとなくは覚えているという方が多いかと思いますが、実は 日本代表のシンボルマークこそ本記事で紹介する「八咫烏」 となります。しかし日常生活では耳にすることが少ない 八咫烏。。一体どのような生物で如何にして日本代表のシンボルに選ばれたのでしょうか?。本記事で歴史を交えながら説明していきましょう。八咫烏(やたがらす・やたのからす)。

一般的な烏と違い 3 本足が特徴的な八咫烏。。神話上の生物であるのにたびたび妖怪と間違われてしまうこともありますね。しかし実際は日本神話で登場する烏であり、日本書紀では神武天皇を奈良の橿原まで案内をした烏として有名になっております。*神武天皇とは日本で最初の天皇のことであり、架空の人物であるとされています。八咫烏は「導きの神」や「太陽の化身」など名高い異名を持っており、日本書紀では「天照大神の遣い」として活躍していたなど大役を担っていたことになります。

また 3 本足である理由は諸説あるとされており、天・地・人を表していることや太陽を表す三であったから 3 本足であるなど多くの逸話が残されています。中国神話で見ると。妖怪が中国生まれであることは有名な話ですが、中国に八咫烏と似た姿をする三足烏という生物が言い伝えられております。三足烏は太陽に棲むとされ、太陽の象徴であったということから日本の八咫烏と非常に似た逸話を持っていることになり現存している壁画も類似性が高いです。「淮南子」などの説話に登場しており、様々な言い伝えが残っていますね。

また中国・日本以外に朝鮮やエジプトにも似た存在がいるため、アジア近辺を中心に広がった生物であるという見方もあります。サッカー。冒頭で説明しましたが八咫烏はサッカー日本代表のシンボルマークに定められており、厳格さもありながらポップに描かれていることもあり非常になじみやすい存在となっています。というのも実は 日本サッカー協会は近元々八咫烏をシンボルマークとしており、天武天皇が熊野に通って蹴鞠をしていたことでゴールに導くなどの意味合いが含まれている と言われております。

ですので日本サッカー全体のシンボルマークとして八咫烏は使用されており、同様に日本サッカー代表でも八咫烏特有の色が黒い 3 本足で描かれているのです。ちなみにサッカー以外にも陸上自衛隊中央情報隊や中部方面情報隊などにも使用されているので、スポーツだけでなく多方面で活躍しています。組織として。。八咫烏という生物の他に、 神道・陰陽道・宮中祭祀を裏で仕切っていたとされる組織の名前も「八咫烏」 となっています。ライターや小説家の方などが存在を肯定しており、西暦 744 年に結成されました。

ですが組織と言っても日本転覆を図った極悪人とうわけではなく、天皇の日常的な事柄を引き受けていたとされているので危険性は未知数です。しかし 八咫烏には大鳥と言われる 3 人の指導者がおり、裏天皇ではないのかという議論 もされています。八咫烏神社。奈良県宇陀市には八咫烏神社という 705 年に建てられた神社があり、日本で初めて八咫烏を神として祀ったとされています。八咫烏は軍神として崇敬されている面もあり、南北朝時代などで大いに栄えていたと伝えられています。

しかし時間共に信仰は薄れていき、現代ではあまり賑わっていない現状にありますね。身近な存在として。サッカー協会のシンボルマークにもなっていますので、八咫烏はこれからも身近な存在として私たちの生活に溶け込んでくれると思います。八咫烏については日本書紀や古事記にも記載されていますので現代語訳版もぜひ読んでみてください

よかったらシェアしてね!
  • URLをコピーしました!
  • URLをコピーしました!

この記事を書いた人

Welcome to Scary Japan.

I am the creator of this website and have spent more than 40 years exploring Japan’s hidden dark side. Throughout my journey, I have collected countless ghost stories, urban legends, supernatural encounters, and local mysteries from across the nation.

My goal is to preserve and share these chilling tales with people around the world who are fascinated by Japanese horror and folklore.

If you would like to contact me, please reach out via X:

https://x.com/IgamoriRyu

目次